PUBLICATIONS

Conclusion:
This is the first human clinical trial on diabetic patients with ED that used 2 consecutive IC injections of allogeneic WJ-MSCs. The current findings of this study support the safety and efficacy profile of IC injections of allogeneic WJ-MSCs to treat diabetic patients with ED.

See full study here:
https://karger.com/uin/article/105/11-12/935/829286/Safety-and-Efficacy-of-2-Intracavernous-Injections

Conclusions

Stem cell therapy for the treatment of ED represents a promising potential therapy. However, conclusive high-level evidence is lacking, and these types of interventions should only be considered in an experimental setting. Results from basic research and animal models are impressive, but more human research is required in order for it to be included as an option for the treatment of ED.

See full study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9963846/

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that hWJ-MSC transplantation improves diabetic intracavernosal pressure, likely by increasing the production of paracrine growth factors, indicating hWJ-MSC transplantation might be an efficient therapeutic strategy for ED management. 

MSCs attract increasing attention for tissue and organ regeneration because of their plasticity, easy isolation from bone marrow specimens, and expansion by repeated passage.19 MSCs can differentiate into multiple mesenchymal cell types,27 myelin-forming cells,28 neuron-like cells expressing nestin and neuronal nuclei (NeuN),29 neural cells,30 and the cellular components of vascular structures.31 MSCs are currently under investigation for the regeneration of various organs such as the spinal cord, heart, liver, and kidney.32–34 

Subtle differences among MSCs from distinct tissue sources would probably influence transplantation efficacy.3536 Due to Wharton's jelly's young age, MSCs obtained from this fetal tissue yield markedly more proliferative, immunosuppressive, and even therapeutically active stem cells compared with those from adult tissues.37 Other advantages of hWJ-MSCs over other stem cells include their pluripotency and the possibility to differentiate into bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, heart, and nerve cells.3839 hWJ-MSC isolation is noninvasive with no related moral or ethical issues since umbilical cords are usually discarded, which is not the case for MSCs from other sources, including embryos and the bone marrow.40 Nevertheless, WJ-MSCs are necessarily considered to be allogeneic for transplantation in any patients, and the safety of the procedure requires further assessment. The efficacy of WJ-MSCs and autologous bone marrow MSCs for the management of diabetes-related ED could also be compared in future studies.

See Full Study Here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8887109/

Conclusions

More and more people are suffering from hairloss, and the focus on hair quality has increased. Conventional treatments forhair loss include drug therapy and hair transplantation. However, bothapproaches have low efficacy for hair regrowth. Thus, advanced strategies are necessary. First, it is vital to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying hair regrowth. To date, numerous mechanisms of hair regrowth and relevant pathways and specific molecular signals have been uncovered. Wnt/β-catenin pathways and Hedgehog signaling promote HFSC proliferation and enhance hair regrowth. Some special molecules, such as miRNAs, upregulate or downregulate relevant growth factors to stimulate hair regrowth. Treg cells also play a role in hair regrowth. Together, these factors influence HFSCs and DP cells to achieve hair growth. Thus, studying how HFSCs or DPCs are regulated by various growth factors under physiological or diseased states can reveal new therapeutic targets for hair loss. Nowadays, the topical application of drugs creates various advantages for hair loss treatment. However, the SC creates a barrier to transdermal drug delivery. Some external stimulants, such as light, ultrasound, electrical current, and stretch, can assist with drug delivery across the SC to HFs without causing severe damage to the skin. However, most of these approaches require large and expensive equipment. In the future, we hope that external stimulation can be combined with artificial intelligence to design new wearable devices that are convenient and portable for hair loss therapy.

Regenerative medicine appears to be a promising alternative for hair loss treatment. In addition to HFSCs, DP cells also have the capacity for hair regeneration due to the interaction between epithelial and mesenchymal niches. DPC-derived exosomes and LbL assemblies of HFSC microspheres have been applied to induce hair regrowth. However, the low retention of exosomes in HFs remains a problem and limits the development of regenerative treatments. Hydrogels are an excellent vehicle for prolonging the retention time of exosomes derived from DPCs in HFs. Moreover, HF organoid culture systems can achieve HF formation and hair growth in vitro, providing new ideas for studying hair regrowth mechanisms.

See full study here:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10141228/

Conclsion:

Alopecia is a difficult condition to treat as hair fall relapses with the discontinuation of conventionally available FDA approved treatments. We have broadly classified the available regenerative therapies (“A La Mode Classification”) as growth factor-rich and stem cell-rich for better understanding and clinical utility. We have summarized the available regenerative cellular therapies, their mechanism of action and the available clinical trials in the treatment of non-scarring alopecia. Almost all the studies utilizing cellular therapies have shown significant improvement in hair regrowth with no adverse effects. MSCs are the core of these cellular therapy because of their angiogenic and immunomodulatory function, which will aid in hair regrowth. These regenerative therapies can be a boon in the treatment of alopecia if utilized properly.

It is very much clear that there are multiple sources of MSCs available for cellular therapy. Apart from the sources described in this article to treat alopecia, there are few other unexplored sources which can be used to isolate MSCs like dental pulp, peripheral blood, synovium and synovial fluid, endometrium, human foreskin, skin biopsy and muscle [160]. Further research is essential to know the potential of these sources in hair regeneration and the adverse reactions associated with them. Each of these MSCs have their own pros and cons with respect to isolation, differentiation capacity, cell count, and the possible adverse reactions. Further studies are required to compare the efficacy of MSCs derived from various sources. CM has the advantage of low cost, easy storage and transport. Hence, CM is seeking significant attention from clinical researchers. Standardization of isolation technique, culture medium used, dosage, route and depth of injection, clear cut indications and contraindications along with universally acceptable documentation of results have to be gracefully addressed with good quality randomized controlled trials.

See full study here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8953616/